There is a federal statute relating to the judiciary and judicial proceedings that is directed to the circumstances under which a justice, judge, or magistrate should recuse (i.e., disqualify) himself/herself from a proceeding, i.e., Title 28 of the United States Codes. States have similar codes.
The first two subsections (i.e., (a) and (b)) of 28USC§455, entitled “Disqualification of justice,
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