Blam-Blam-Blam-Blam-Blam-Blam Wrote:
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> It's not a matter of if, but when and where the
> next mass shooting will happen: It might take
> place at another shopping mall, or college campus,
> or suburban office building, and probably not long
> from now. A new study says the average meantime
> between mass shootings is now down to 64 days.
> Yet, as these disturbing incidents keep appearing
> in the headlines, various commentators have argued
> that mass shootings are not on the rise.
>
> That may be true if you look at all mass
> shootings, including gang killings and in-home
> violence stemming from domestic abuse. But new
> research from the Harvard School of Public Health
> demonstrates that mass shootings in public have
> become far more frequent. The Harvard findings are
> also corroborated by a separate report issued
> recently by the FBI.
>
> There has never been a clear, universally accepted
> definition of "mass shooting." The data we
> collected includes attacks in public places with
> four or more victims killed, a baseline
> established by the FBI a decade ago. We excluded
> mass murders in private homes related to domestic
> violence, as well as shootings tied to gang or
> other criminal activity. (Qualitative consistency
> is crucial, even though any definition can at
> times seem arbitrary. For example, by the
> four-fatalities threshold neither the attack at
> Ft. Hood in April nor the one in Santa Barbara in
> May qualifies as a "mass shooting," with three
> victims killed by gunshots in each incident.) A
> report from the FBI on gun rampages, issued in
> late September, includes attacks with fewer than
> four fatalities but otherwise uses very similar
> criteria.
>
> The FBI report, which includes 160 "active
> shooter" cases between 2000 and 2013, notes
> explicitly that it is not a study of mass
> shootings. Rather, it analyzes incidents in which
> shooters are "actively engaged in killing or
> attempting to kill people" in a public place,
> regardless of the number of casualties. But within
> the FBI's 160 cases is a subset of 44 mass
> shootings (in which four or more were murdered)
> nearly identical to Mother Jones' data set from
> the same time period. The Harvard researchers
> underscore that the FBI had access to law
> enforcement sources that Harvard did not: "That
> the results of the two studies are so similar
> reinforces our finding that public mass shootings
> have increased."
>
> James Alan Fox, a widely quoted researcher from
> Northeastern University, has argued that mass
> shootings are not on the rise, and that they are
> too rare to merit significant policy changes. As
> he put it recently in an interview with CNN's Jake
> Tapper: "We treasure our personal freedoms in
> America, and unfortunately, occasional mass
> shootings, as horrific as they are, is one of the
> prices that we pay for the freedoms that we
> enjoy."
>
> But in drawing his conclusions, Fox relies on
> overly broad data. His study is misguided, the
> Harvard researchers say, because it conflates
> public mass shootings with a larger set of mass
> murders that are "contextually distinct,"
> primarily those in private homes. According to
> data compiled by USA Today, there have been at
> least 95 domestic violence-related mass shootings
> since 2006 alone. These crimes are no less awful
> (and we've reported on them too). But mass murders
> in schools and shopping malls are a different
> monster in terms of impact on public safety and
> the complicated policy questions they raise—not
> least how they might be stopped.
>
> In response to the Harvard research, Fox insisted
> that mass shootings should not be distinguished
> categorically by their circumstances. "To the
> victims who are slain, it hardly matters whether
> they were killed in public or in a private home,"
> he told the Huffington Post. "Nor does it matter
> if the assailant was a family member or a
> stranger. They are just as dead."
>
> But the question of whether public mass shootings
> can be prevented hinges on understanding the
> complex factors behind them—which starts with
> tracking these shootings accurately. That, at
> least, is a role that the federal government is
> poised to assume: Last year President Obama signed
> the Investigative Assistance for Violent Crimes
> Act, which authorizes the Department of Justice to
> investigate mass shootings in public places.
> Notably, the law defines the threshold for these
> crimes as three or more people murdered—which
> means eventually we'll have data showing that the
> scope of the problem is far greater than we've
> already seen.
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