Pangloss wrote: "Modern scientists do not subscribe to chance when talking of evolution (do you know this?)." |
Sure they do ... |
F.A.Schaeffer"In our day, humanistic reason affirms that there is only the cosmic machine, which encompasses everything, including people. To those who hold this view, everything people are or do is explained by ... some kind of reductionism." ... "In one form of reductionism, man is explained by reducing him to the smallest particles which make up his body. Man is seen as being only the molecule or the energy particle, more complex bu not intrinsically different." |
Pangloss wrote: "Sorry, but this is nonsense."
1. Jesus/god did not spend an eternity in hell - otherwise Jesus/god would still be there and there definitely could be no second coming. 2. There is no biblical evidence that Jesus even went to hell in the first place. 3. What logical sense does it make for a sacrifice in the first place? |
1. Bible says Jesus' human body did not spend an eternity "in hell" ... but arose on the third day. However, Bible clearly states that Jesus' suffering was sufficient to satisfy God for many, many humans. 2. Correct. Bible does not say Jesus was in the "Hell" that will be created for Satan and his angels, and unforgiven humans. Bible does say that Jesus was in Sheol/Hades, the current temporary resting place of the dead. 3. Bible clearly states that the requirement for 'sacrifice' to pay for sin is God's prerogative, your feelings notwithstanding. |
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Pangloss wrote: "Are you kidding me? If Christ 'is love' then he wouldn't send those who don't believe to Hell for eternity. What kind of sense does that make?" | ||||
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Vince ... "God is Dead" was first proclaimed well over 100 years ago ... it was just echoed within our cultural memory during the 60's, by an Anglican Bishop. | |||
Wikipedia: [Nietzsche's] death of God is a way of saying that humans are no longer able to believe in any ... cosmic order since they themselves no longer recognize it. The death of God will lead, Nietzsche says, not only to the rejection of a belief of cosmic or physical order but also to a rejection of absolute values themselves — to the rejection of belief in an objective and universal moral law, binding upon all individuals. In this manner, the loss of an absolute basis for morality leads to nihilism. This nihilism is what Nietzsche worked to find a solution for by re-evaluating the foundations of human values. This meant, to Nietzsche, looking for foundations that went deeper than Christian values. He would find a basis in the "will to power" that he described as "the essence of reality". Nietzsche believed that the majority of people did not recognize (or refused to acknowledge) this death out of the deepest-seated fear or angst. Therefore, when the death did begin to become widely acknowledged, people would despair and nihilism would become rampant. This is partly why Nietzsche saw Christianity as nihilistic. He saw himself as a historical figure like Zarathustra, Socrates or Jesus, giving a new philosophical orientation to future generations to overcome the impending nihilism. | |||
Leni Riefenstahl's famous propaganda movie for Hitler was called "Triumph of the Will." | |||
At last report, Nietzsche, Hitler, and Bishop Robinson were all still dead ... and none expected that condition to ever change in the future. | |||
The Jesus of the bible claimed otherwise: "I am he who lives, and was dead, and behold, I am alive forevermore." | |||
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WashingTone Locian wrote: "Today's New Testament is based on a Greek translation. There is no earlier Aramaic version of the New Testament, so it wasn't even written in the language of Jesus or the Apostles." |
Ness asks/notes: |
1) Must all history be written in the language of its subjects? More to the point, if God writes history, must he do so in a specific language? |
2) In Acts 21, Paul is recorded speaking both Greek and Aramaic: "As the soldiers were about to take Paul into the barracks, he asked the commander, "May I say something to you?" ... "Do you speak Greek?" [the commander] replied. "Aren't you the Egyptian who started a revolt and led four thousand terrorists out into the desert some time ago?" Paul answered, "I am a Jew, from Tarsus in Cilicia, a citizen of no ordinary city. Please let me speak to the people." Having received the commander's permission, Paul stood on the steps and motioned to the crowd. When they were all silent, he said to them in Aramaic: Brothers and fathers, listen now to my defense." When they heard him speak to them in Aramaic, they became very quiet." |
WashingTone Locian wrote: There is debate about whether the "Paul" who wrote the letters is even the same "Paul" who had the revelation on the Road to Damascus. ... There is ample evidence that Mary Magdalene was not a prostitute but was, in fact, a wealthy patron of Jesus's and may have even served as a Rabbi. |
Ness notes: |
1) My brother, who holds a Ph.D. in New Testament from Cambridge, happened to call a moment ago ... he is not aware of any serious scholarly debate about the authorship of the Pauline epistles (though obviously none of us really 'knows' who wrote any ancient document because we were not there to observe the writing). |
2) What 'debate' is there about two Pauls -- one on the road to Damascus v. the one who wrote the letters? E.g., Galatians: "I did not receive it [the Gospel] from any man, nor was I taught it; rather, I received it by revelation from Jesus Christ....But when God, who set me apart from birth and called me by his grace, was pleased to reveal his Son in me so that I might preach him among the Gentiles, I did not consult any man, nor did I go up to Jerusalem to see those who were apostles before I was, but I went immediately into Arabia and later returned to Damascus." |
3) My brother's Ph.D. was precisely about Pauline ethics in re: men/women ... he is not aware of any historical indication that a woman ever "served as a Rabbi." |
4) The Bible does not assert that Mary Magdalene was a prostitute. You may be thinking of "DaVinci Code" speculation about her relationship with Jesus, and/or 5th century Catholic Church intimations that she was a 'prostitute.' Mary Magdalene is most mentioned when she was present at the Crucifixion ... in Mark, we read "Now when the centurion, who stood facing him, saw that in this way he breathed his last, he said, ‘Truly this man was God’s Son!’ There were also women looking on from a distance; among them were Mary Magdalene, and Mary the mother of James the younger and of Joses, and Salome." ... at the tomb "Joseph [of Amamathea] bought some linen cloth, took down the body, wrapped it in the linen, and placed it in a tomb cut out of rock. Then he rolled a stone against the entrance of the tomb. Mary Magdalene and Mary the mother of Joses saw where he was laid. ... and later at the [empty] tomb: "When the sabbath was over, Mary Magdalene, and Mary the mother of James, and Salome bought spices, so that they might go and anoint him. And very early on the first day of the week, when the sun had risen, they went to the tomb." |
Ness said to Pangloss: If you can provide me with a better term than "Darwinism" to describe our contemporary world-view, I'll be glad to use it. Perhaps "Star Trek-ism?" |
Nutters responded: "Science." Ness asks: Which 'science?' Today's received orthodoxy? ... or tomorrow's new orthodoxy? |
WL responded: "Reality." Ness asks: Which 'reality?' ... today's hotly debated theoretical construct that includes unobservable n-dimensional 'strings?' |
It is my observation that contemporary thought just hates the idea of being 'created' by something 'personal.' We would rather be reduced to a machine, than to contemplate the possibility of createdness with the attendant possibility of true moral guilt. |
WL wrote: I would have no problem with a vengeful God if he [smote] evildoers. He doesn't. The evildoers live in multi-million dollar penthouses in New York while his God-fearing followers are blowing their brains out because they haven't worked in six months. Eliot's answer? "God works in mysterious ways." Not sure how that is a better answer than, "There is no God." |
"God works in mysterious ways" ... that's not my answer. Paul wrote about the ultimate justice of God: Beloved, never avenge yourselves, but leave it to the wrath of God, for it is written, “Vengeance is mine, I will repay, says the Lord.” To the contrary, “if your enemy is hungry, feed him; if he is thirsty, give him something to drink; for by so doing you will heap burning coals on his head.” Do not be overcome by evil, but overcome evil with good. |
N.B. that many Bible commentators point to an Egyptian custom of "carrying burning coals overhead" to expressing repentance and ask forgiveness. It so, the phrase represents compassion, not vengeance. N.B. too that Christians expect to NOT face the wrath of God because, amazingly, Christ faced it in their place. |
I'd make the point that our 'Darwinist' friends have no expectation of 'justice' whatsoever, either in this life or any other. In an uncreated universe, 'Justice' is a meaningless term, a Romantic concept that 'evolved' along with the human brain. To the degree that modern American Man talks about and desires 'Justice' (after all, Law and Order and CSI are big hits), he is borrowing from our residual Christian moral heritage. Christians, however, are not surprised to see human cultures universally think in terms of 'Justice' because the Bible depicts a God who created Man in his own image and who from the beginning, immediately after the Fall, talks about administering justice to Satan: "I will put enmity between you and the woman, and between your offspring and hers; he [Jesus] will crush your head, and you will strike his heel." |
Neither Law and Order nor CSI makes any sense in an uncreated 'Darwinian' cosmology. They do in a created cosmos, where God has said: "Hate evil; love good. Maintain justice in the courts." (Amos 5) |
HERE is a rather well-written consideration of God's "wrath" and "anger" as described in the Bible ... one may dismiss this as mere Christian mythology, but the article is true to the content of the OT and NT. Christians might wish that this weren't true ... that the God of the Bible were amorphous 'love' without 'wrath' ... but that's not Christianity, which revolves around Christ's substitutionary atonement on the Cross (famously, "God so loved the world that he gave his only begotten son [to be crucified in the place of others]"). |
WL wrote: "Paul didn't write the four Gospels. My point about the Greek being that the Gospels were written long, long after the events by people who were not there." |
OK, let's posit that only one Apostle, Paul, spoke Greek. Here's Paul's (Greek language) very high view of Scripture: "pasa graphe theopneustos" ... "All scripture [is] god-breathed." |
The issue is not the languages of the Bible or the distance of the authors from events, but the involvement of God in writing the words ... from Moses to John on the island of Patmos. |
Both the OT and the NT are full of 1) historical assertions and 2) descriptions of thoughts that are in the minds of men and women ... thoughts that were formed in languages other than Hebrew, Aramaic, or Greek [the biblical languages]. |
If the God of the Bible could inspire men's writing, then it's obviously conceivable that they could ... *** accurately describe events that they themselves had not witnessed (such as Moses' account of human history, beginning with Adam) *** accurately describe thoughts and motivations in other men's minds. (E.g., "When Herod saw Jesus, he was greatly pleased, because for a long time he had been wanting to see him. From what he had heard about him, he hoped to see him perform some miracle.") |
Sigh. Pangloss ... always making accusations of intellectual dishonesty and fabrication. |
Pangloss: "The bible says a lot of illogical nonsense - please demonstrate how it's logically consistent to have a finite sacrifice atone for an eternal punishment." Ness: Who says that Christ's sacrifice, though limited in its intent, was merely 'finite.' http://www.gotquestions.org/substitutionary-atonement.html |
Pangloss: "Where does the bible state [that Jesus was in 'Sheol/Hades' rather than in 'Hell?'" Ness: Here's a good article: http://www.gotquestions.org/did-Jesus-go-to-hell.html |
Pangloss: "It's a question of logic and reasoning; ... suffering ... [is] incongruent with the idea of a benevolent god." Ness: You're always roping God and dragging him into the created cosmos in order to say what could, or couldn't, be true about God. http://www.gotquestions.org/is-God-cruel.html |
Pangloss: "Let's remember that 'all scripture is god breathed' is referring to the OLD testament, NOT the new." |
Ness: True ... however Paul clearly considered his teachings and writings to be authoritative scripture too: "Even if we or an angel from heaven should preach a gospel other than the one we preached to you, let him be eternally condemned! As we have already said, so now I say again: If anybody is preaching to you a gospel other than what you accepted, let him be eternally condemned!" Peter agreed: "Bear in mind that our Lord's patience means salvation, just as our dear brother Paul also wrote you with the wisdom that God gave him. He writes the same way in all his letters, speaking in them of these matters. His letters contain some things that are hard to understand, which ignorant and unstable people distort, as they do the other Scriptures, to their own destruction." |
Nutters ... just FYI, I have the same problem with the Scholastic rationalist 'ontological' argument for God that I have with Pangloss's critiques ... both insist upon pulling God into the created cosmos and then dictating what could, or could not be true about Him, based upon what the mind of Man determines: "The most popular form of the ontological argument uses the concept of God to prove God’s existence. It begins with the definition of God as “that than which no greater can be conceived.” It is then argued that to exist is greater than to not exist, and therefore the greatest conceivable being must exist. If God did not exist then God would not be the greatest conceivable being, but that would contradict God's very definition." | ||
Much of the Bible's seeming logical contradiction stems from its statements about a completely sovereign, uncreated God interacting with men and angels who are created, subordinate, and yet historically and morally significant. | ||
Note, for example, that Exodus says both that "God hardened Pharaoh's heart" and that "Pharaoh hardened his heart" ... and just leaves it there. Both are true, yet Pharaoh is guilty. http://www.apocalipsis.org/difficulties/Pharaoh.htm | ||
"(Exo 4:21 NIV) The LORD said to Moses, "When you return to Egypt, see that you perform before Pharaoh all the wonders I have given you the power to do. But I will harden his heart so that he will not let the people go." | ||
(Exo 8:15 NIV) But when Pharaoh saw that there was relief, he hardened his heart and would not listen to Moses and Aaron, just as the LORD had said. | ||
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epagels@princeton.EDU Jan 9, 2009 Dear Ms. Pagels, Could you possibly point me to source documents for these History Channel statements about Roman involvement in the assassination of Jesus? 1) "The Romans thought of Jesus as a traitor to Rome, and one who was a dangerous man, and that's why he was crucified." (Elaine Pagels) 2) "According to the New Testament, to help identify the man to be crucified, Roman centurions bribed Judas, one of the twelve disciples." (History Channel narrator) I've searched the BibleGateway website's New Testament, but cannot find material in support of these assertions. (Is Roman involvement addressed in any of your books about The Gnostic Gospels?) Bribed by Romans: The NT states that Judas solicited - and got - a bribe from Jewish leaders not the Romans.
Then one of the Twelve - the one called Judas Iscariot - went to the chief priests and asked, "What are you willing to give me if I hand him over to you?" So they counted out for him thirty silver coins. From then on Judas watched for an opportunity to hand him over. (Matthew 26) When Judas, who had betrayed him, saw that Jesus was condemned, he was seized with remorse and returned the thirty silver coins to the chief priests and the elders. (Matthew 27) Traitor to Rome: The NT states that Pilate, the Roman governor, considered Jesus innocent of any Roman crime and indeed sought to release him.
Pilate came out to them and asked, "What charges are you bringing against this man?" ... Pilate said, "Take him yourselves and judge him by your own law." (John 18) From then on, Pilate tried to set Jesus free. (John 19) "What crime has he committed?" asked Pilate. [Pilate] took water and washed his hands in front of the crowd. "I am innocent of this man's blood," he said. (Matthew 27)
Edited 14 time(s). Last edit at 02/05/2009 10:12PM by Eliot Ness.
WTL wrote: "Crucifixion was a Roman punishment, not Jewish. The Jews did not Crucify. Historians point out that Romans pretty much Crucified anyone for anything on a regular basis. Despite the depictions in the Gospels, the Roman Governor made the final decision on Crucifixion, period." |
Ness asks: Are you referring to some source other than the Gospels? |
Pilate came out to them and asked, "What charges are you bringing against this man?" "If he were not a criminal," they replied, "we would not have handed him over to you." Pilate said, "Take him yourselves and judge him by your own law." "But we have no right to execute anyone," the Jews objected. This happened so that the words Jesus had spoken indicating the kind of death he was going to die would be fulfilled. Pilate then went back inside the palace, summoned Jesus and asked him, "Are you the king of the Jews?" "Is that your own idea," Jesus asked, "or did others talk to you about me?" "Am I a Jew?" Pilate replied. "It was your people and your chief priests who handed you over to me. What is it you have done?" Jesus said, "My kingdom is not of this world. If it were, my servants would fight to prevent my arrest by the Jews. But now my kingdom is from another place." "You are a king, then!" said Pilate. Jesus answered, "You are right in saying I am a king. In fact, for this reason I was born, and for this I came into the world, to testify to the truth. Everyone on the side of truth listens to me." "What is truth?" Pilate asked. With this he went out again to the Jews and said, "I find no basis for a charge against him. But it is your custom for me to release to you one prisoner at the time of the Passover. Do you want me to release 'the king of the Jews'?" They shouted back, "No, not him! Give us Barabbas!" (John 18)
"Richard Dawkins. Britain's most famous atheist, argues in his book the God Delusion that religion is propagated through indoctrination, especially of children." ... "Evolution predisposes children to swallow whatever their parents and elders tell them, he argues, as trust and obedience are important for survival." http://www.dailymail.co.uk/sciencetech/article-1136482/Brains-hardwired-believe-God-imaginary-friends.html |
No Christian should be surprised that 'created' Man is almost incurably 'religious.' Even hard-core atheist statists like Communists had their sacred books, prophets, and a dream of a Heaven-on-Earth in the future. |
Like so many scientists, Dawkins slips into romantic personified language when talking about Evolution. A more accurate statement would have been for him to say that "trust and obedience to parents have survival value, favoring reproduction by such children" |
Evolution doesn't 'do' anything ... it's just an interpretation of events ... but even Dawkins, at some level, doesn't want to live in an impersonal universe. |
Pangloss: "Reality doesn't care about our wishes and desires." |
Ness: In the atheist's world-view there is no person 'out there' to either "care about our wishes and desires" or to 'do' anything at all ... which is precisely why it is so striking when an atheist like Dawkins slips into 'romantic' personified language to disparage those who do live in 'personal' universe. |
In fact, it is striking when a person who holds an impersonal 'Darwinist' world-view, makes any moral assertion or value judgment at all, rather than asserting Nihilism. |
Pangloss, last night ER had an episode about the death, in senile dementia, of the founding doctor of the fictional hospital ... he flat-lined, and it was over. Pfft ... the candle went out ... "fade to black." |
The Press and the Public routinely show a morbid fascination with the 'last meal' and 'last words' of death-row prisoners. |
And certainly the television public is fascinated by the subject of death: Law and Order and CSI have been big hits. Even 20/20 and Dateline have become almost all-murder-all-the- time. |
I honestly think that much of the emotion that surrounds this discussion about McLean Bible Church, stems from the Church's position of speaking loud-and-clear, saying things that our contemporary culture does not want to hear -- specifically, about the Return of Christ, Resurrection, and Judgment. E.g., http://www.mcleanbible.org/media_player.asp?messageID=23883 |
Numbers wrote: "What bothers me is when believers always assume that non believers have some vast emptiness inside them that can only be filled by a deity." |
Ness replies: Because we generally tend to live in deep denial of for our forthcoming death, I suspect that most people only feel that emptiness as they are about to die ... and must consider the prospect of annihilation and non-being, saying 'Goodbye, forever' to everybody and everything they know. |
I heard a man once, in a hospital cardiac unit, breathing roughly and crying out in distress: "I'm dying! I'm dying!" |
The nurse I asked wouldn't tell me directly, later, if he survived or not ... but I got the impression from her measured response that he had indeed died. |
Consider the possibility that Christians who have been seen the "Ghost of Christmas Future" (so to speak) have been to the edge of that cliff and are aware of that emptiness in a way that others are not. |
1) Hey, some of you who are here just to bash Christianity may be surprised to find yoursleves in agreement with Lon Solomon's criticisms of corruption and hypocrisy in the church. http://www.mcleanbible.org/media_player.asp?messageID=23883. | |
2) Some thoughts about the film "Milk" and Christianity. |
1) Beautifully acted and compassionately filmed, it is certainly a legitimate candidate for best picture and best actor. 2) Harvey Milk was determined to liberate gays psychologically by bringing them 'out of the closet,' and to liberate them civically by passing civil rights laws and and obtaining public office. 3) Sadly, the Evangelicals in the film (spearheaded by Anita Bryant) appear determined to punish gays by legislating "God's law" into state law ... rather than addressing gay sexual issues by giving them the Gospel and the Bible. 4) I submit that the Christians really missed the boat in this case. Their approach is striking for its lovelessness, asymmetry, and absence of Biblical citations. 5) The Bible clearly teaches that "all have sinned" and that "the wages of sin is death." Not just physical death, but a future eternal death -- away from the presence of God where Jesus describes guilt, depression, and pain in the form of "weeping and gnashing of teeth" and "unquenchable fire." 6) Christians often seem to forget this. It's not just the murderers on death row who are under death sentences, but also their guards and the warden. And it's not just not just gays and lesbians who are under death sentences, but straight men and women too. 7) In Old Testament Israel, where 100% of the people lived under laws delivered through Moses, God required that some offenses be punished by making physical death immediate; rather than dying of disease or old age, For example, Israelites were to be executed if guilty of witchcraft, homosexuality, adultery, or Sabbath violations. 8) Jesus' substitutionary death on the Cross made a sacrifice that did away with the civil and ceremonial laws given through Moses. (Indeed, the veil in the Temple was very symbolically torn in two.) 9) There is no reason for Christians today to make a special legal case by bringing OT law into current civil law to punish homosexuality (unless they bring all OT law into civil law against for example, adultery, witchcraft, and Sabbath violations). 10) Some churches crusade in public against homosexuality, shouting "God hates fags." This is repugnant because while Paul says "the wages of sin is death," he finishes the sentence by saying "but the gift of God is eternal life in Christ Jesus our Lord." 11) Some Gays will hear the Gospel and will believe on the Christ of the Bible ... proving that God in fact loved them, even though they were "fags." This makes liars out of the aggressive churches that ignore current grace and focus only on future, final judgment. 12) Christian homosexuals cannot, however, simply remain "fags" in their Christian life ... because both the Old Testament and the New Testament clearly tell them that their homosexuality is abnormal, is not created by God, and is therefore sinful. 13) Gay Christians cannot ignore what Paul says in Romans 1, that "men abandoning natural relations with women and being inflamed with lust for one another" are thereby "sinful" as are "women exchanging natural relations for unnatural ones." 14) The Bible does not teach that Gay sinners are worse than, for example, heterosexual sinners who commit adultery, or practice witchcraft. 15) With their presuppositions changed by the Holy Spirit to believe that God speaks in the Bible, Gays who become Christians begin to fight against their sinful homosexuality, even though they may have been born with a same-sex preference that is just as deep as the cravings of a born alcoholic. 16) The New Testament doesn't record any specific interaction between Jesus and homosexuals, though he must have encountered them while dining with "publicans and sinners." The model for his treatment of those gays would certanly be what he said to the often-married woman at the Samaritan well, and what he said to the woman he saved from stoning for adultery -- sin no more!
Nutters wrote: "The fact that Solomon and the other fools, thieves and charlatans fall out doesn't say much about any of them and is exactly in line with history. As long as people like Solomon keep pushing the religious lie, they are the enemy of the public. |
Ness wonders: |
1) On what basis do hurl calumny at the very decent Lon Solomon? Would you take no issue with me if without having met you, I called you, for example, a "pathological liar and homosexual pedophile?" |
2) Do you detect the Fascist reverberations in your assertion that "religion ... a tissue of old superstitions and pernicious self-serving institutions" should be "rooted out from modern society?" How would you propose to do that? Would you, for example, start killing off Intelligent Design proponents the way that Lysenko killed off competing Mendelian Soviet biologists? |
Nutters wrote:Your ideas of sin are an outdated tool to scare and bully the uneducated. There is no 'sin' in being homosexual, just as there's no sin in being black, or being left handed or a Muslim or an animist or even a witch. Sin is an abusive concept used to bully the public and support the power of the religion and those with a stake in it. Yet more evidence why religion needs to be thrown on the pyre of history with slavery and the inquisition. |
Ness observes: Again I'm fascinated. If there is no objective 'sin' or 'wrong' then why do we pursue and prosecute child molesters and murderers? Is it just because 50%+1 of the citizenry doesn't like them? Do you consider the activities depicted in 'Law and Order' and 'CSI' to have any meaning at all, or are they just exercises in futility? |
Pangloss: Just because one doesn't believe in sin, doesn't mean they do not believe in objective morality. |
Ness: ??? Why would a 'Darwinian' believe in 'objective morality' that applied to all men? How would such morality be identified by the man-on-the-street? Isn't it all just a chance brain flash amongst the neurons of various differently-conditioned instantiations of the human species? What do you say to the cop arresting you for murder? Don't you say, "Leave me alone! Everything is absolutely relative!!" |
Nutters:'Law' is useful when it reduces behaviors that destroy social cohesion - it has no moral basis, but is just a practical social adaptation. |
Ness: And yet I'll bet that you'd object to a law passed by Irish-Swedes like me, to foster "social cohesion" by gassing Jews and niggers. Why is that? |
Pangloss, You have again and again leapt to make accusations of lying and hypocrisy ... to which is now swiftly added the charge of 'racism' for asking a hypothetical question. Furthermore, I am commanded to "keep your racist B.S. to yourself." |
1) You (for some reason) believe that there can be objective morality. Nutters does not, and has said so clearly. |
2) My question to Nutters was, if there is no objective morality why would one oppose the gassing of hated minorities ('Jews', 'niggers') by a majority (Aryans)? |
3) I honestly think that in Nutters' world view of no moral absolutes, one can only oppose 'racism' as a matter of personal preference. |
4) Where does your fierce opposition to 'racism' originate? From objective morality or just socially-conditioned personal feelings? |
5) Christians in Nazi Germany, by the way, pointed Hitler and his thugs to an objective authority, the 'second greatest commandment' given by Jesus -- to 'love your neighbor as yourself' -- and they were killed for speaking about it and practicing it. That same commandment is one of the reasons why Christian missionaries die serving hated minorities throughout the world, in contrast to the 'racists' and 'tribalists' who seek to exterminate them. |
6) We fly and land where our world-view's presuppositions point us ... unless we operate (irrationally) in conflict with them. |